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Format Specifications
[-][#][0][width][.precision]type
Format specifications always begin with a percent sign (%). Each field is a
single character or a number signifying a particular format option. The simplest
format specification contains only the percent sign and a type character (for
example, %s). The optional fields control other aspects of the formatting.
%
Required. Marks the beginning of the format specification. If the percent sign
is followed by a character that has no meaning as a format field, the
character is not formatted (for example, %% produces a single percent-sign character).
Optional. Pads the output with blanks or zeros to the right to fill the field
width, justifying output to the left. If this field is omitted, the output is
padded to the left, justifying it to the right.
#
Optional. Prefix hexadecimal values with 0x (lowercase) or 0X (uppercase).
0
Optional. Pad the output value with zeros to fill the field width. If this
field is omitted, the output value is padded with blank spaces.
width
Optional. Copy the specified minimum number of characters to the output
buffer. The width field is a nonnegative integer. The width specification never causes a value
to be truncated; if the number of characters in the output value is greater
than the specified width, or if the width field is not present, all characters of the value are printed, subject to the
precision specification.
.precision
Optional. For numbers, copy the specified minimum number of digits to the
output buffer. If the number of digits in the argument is less than the specified
precision, the output value is padded on the left with zeros. The value is not
truncated when the number of digits exceeds the specified precision. If the
specified precision is 0 or omitted entirely, or if the period (.) appears without a number following it, the precision is set to 1.
For strings, copy the specified maximum number of characters to the output
buffer.
type
Required. Determines whether the associated argument is interpreted as a
character, a string, or a number. Can be one of these character sequences:
c
| A single character. The functions ignore character arguments with a numeric
value of zero. This sequence is interpreted as type WCHAR when the calling application uses the #define UNICODE compile flag and as type CHAR otherwise.
| C
| A single character. This sequence is interpreted as type CHAR when the calling application uses the #define UNICODE compile flag and as type WCHAR otherwise.
| d
| A signed decimal integer argument. This sequence is equivalent to the i sequence.
| hc, hC
| A single character. The functions ignore character arguments with a numeric
value of zero. This sequence is always interpreted as type CHAR, even when the calling application uses the #define UNICODE compile flag.
| hs, hS
| A string. This sequence is always interpreted as type LPSTR, even when the calling application uses the #define UNICODE compile flag.
| i
| A signed decimal integer. This sequence is equivalent to the d sequence.
| lc, lC
| A single character. The functions ignore character arguments with a numeric
value of zero. This sequence is always interpreted as type WCHAR, even when the calling application does not use the #define UNICODE compile flag.
| ld
| A long signed decimal integer. This sequence is equivalent to the li sequence.
| li
| A long signed decimal integer. This sequence is equivalent to the ld sequence.
| ls, lS
| A string. This sequence is always interpreted as type LPWSTR, even when the calling application does not use the #define UNICODE compile flag. This sequence is equivalent to the ws sequence.
| lu
| A long unsigned integer.
| lx, lX
| A long unsigned hexadecimal integer in lowercase or uppercase.
| s
| A string. This sequence is interpreted as type LPWSTR when the calling application uses the #define UNICODE compile flag and as type LPSTR otherwise.
| S
| A string. This sequence is interpreted as type LPSTR when the calling application uses the #define UNICODE compile flag and as type LPWSTR otherwise.
| u
| An unsigned integer argument.
| x, X
| An unsigned hexadecimal integer in lowercase or uppercase.
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