Setting Fonts for Menu-Item Text Strings

This topic contains an example from an application that uses owner-drawn menu items in a menu. The menu contains items that set the attributes of the current font, and the items are displayed using the appropriate font attribute.

Here is how the menu is defined in the resource-definition file. Note that the strings for the Regular, Bold, Italic, and Underline menu items are assigned at run time, so their strings are empty in the resource-definition file.

MainMenu MENU

BEGIN

POPUP "&Character"

BEGIN

MENUITEM "", IDM_REGULAR

MENUITEM SEPARATOR

MENUITEM "", IDM_BOLD

MENUITEM "", IDM_ITALIC

MENUITEM "", IDM_ULINE

END

The application's window procedure processes the messages involved in using owner-drawn menu items. The application uses the WM_CREATE message to do the following:

Set the MF_OWNERDRAW flag for the menu items.
Set the text strings for the menu items.
Obtain handles of the fonts used to draw the items.
Obtain the text and background color values for selected menu items.

The text strings and font handles are stored in an array of application-defined MYITEM structures. The application-defined GetAFont function creates a font that corresponds to the given font attribute and returns the handle of the font. The handles are destroyed during the processing of the WM_DESTROY message.

During the processing of the WM_MEASUREITEM message, the example gets the width and height of a menu-item string and copies these values into the MEASUREITEMSTRUCT structure. Windows uses the width and height values to calculate the size of the menu.

During the processing of the WM_DRAWITEM message, the menu item's string is drawn with room left next to the string for the check-mark bitmap. If the user selects the item, the selected text and background colors are used to draw the item.

LRESULT APIENTRY MainWndProc(hwnd, uMsg, wParam, lParam)

HWND hwnd;

UINT uMsg;

WPARAM wParam;

LPARAM lParam;

{

typedef struct _MYITEM {

HFONT hfont;

LPSTR psz;

} MYITEM; // structure for item font and string

MYITEM *pmyitem; // pointer to item's font and string

static MYITEM myitem[CITEMS]; // array of MYITEMS

static HMENU hmenu; // handle of main menu

static COLORREF crSelText; // text color of selected item

static COLORREF crSelBkgnd; // background color of selected item

COLORREF crText; // text color of unselected item

COLORREF crBkgnd; // background color unselected item

LPMEASUREITEMSTRUCT lpmis; // points to item of data

LPDRAWITEMSTRUCT lpdis; // points to item drawing data

HDC hdc; // handle of screen DC

SIZE size; // menu-item text extents

DWORD dwCheckXY; // check-mark dimensions

WORD wCheckX; // check-mark width

int nTextX; // width of menu item

int nTextY; // height of menu item

int i; // loop counter

HFONT hfontOld; // handle of old font

BOOL fSelected = FALSE; // menu-item selection flag

switch (uMsg) {

case WM_CREATE:

// Modify the Regular, Bold, Italic, and Underline

// menu items to make them owner-drawn items. Associate

// a MYITEM structure with each item to contain the

// string and font handle for each item.

hmenu = GetMenu(hwnd);

ModifyMenu(hmenu, IDM_REGULAR, MF_BYCOMMAND |

MF_CHECKED | MF_OWNERDRAW, IDM_REGULAR,

(LPTSTR) &myitem[REGULAR]);

ModifyMenu(hmenu, IDM_BOLD, MF_BYCOMMAND |

MF_OWNERDRAW, IDM_BOLD, (LPTSTR) &myitem[BOLD]);

ModifyMenu(hmenu, IDM_ITALIC, MF_BYCOMMAND |

MF_OWNERDRAW, IDM_ITALIC,

(LPTSTR) &myitem[ITALIC]);

ModifyMenu(hmenu, IDM_ULINE, MF_BYCOMMAND |

MF_OWNERDRAW, IDM_ULINE, (LPTSTR) &myitem[ULINE]);

// Retrieve each item's font handle and copy it into

// the hfont member of each item's MYITEM structure.

// Also, copy each item's string into the structures.

myitem[REGULAR].hfont = GetAFont(REGULAR);

myitem[REGULAR].psz = "Regular";

myitem[BOLD].hfont = GetAFont(BOLD);

myitem[BOLD].psz = "Bold";

myitem[ITALIC].hfont = GetAFont(ITALIC);

myitem[ITALIC].psz = "Italic";

myitem[ULINE].hfont = GetAFont(ULINE);

myitem[ULINE].psz = "Underline";

// Retrieve the text and background colors of the

// selected menu text.

crSelText = GetSysColor(COLOR_HIGHLIGHTTEXT);

crSelBkgnd = GetSysColor(COLOR_HIGHLIGHT);

return 0;

case WM_MEASUREITEM:

// Retrieve a device context for the main window.

hdc = GetDC(hwnd);

// Retrieve pointers to the menu item's

// MEASUREITEMSTRUCT structure and MYITEM structure.

lpmis = (LPMEASUREITEMSTRUCT) lParam;

pmyitem = (MYITEM *) lpmis->itemData;

// Select the font associated with the item into

// the main window's device context.

hfontOld = SelectObject(hdc, pmyitem->hfont);

// Retrieve the width and height of the item's string,

// and then copy the width and height into the

// MEASUREITEMSTRUCT structure's itemWidth and

// itemHeight members.

GetTextExtentPoint32(hdc, pmyitem->psz,

lstrlen(pmyitem->psz), &size);

lpmis->itemWidth = size.cx;

lpmis->itemHeight = size.cy;

// Select the old font back into the device context,

// and then release the device context.

SelectObject(hdc, hfontOld);

ReleaseDC(hwnd, hdc);

return TRUE;

break;

case WM_DRAWITEM:

// Get pointers to the menu item's DRAWITEMSTRUCT

// structure and MYITEM structure.

lpdis = (LPDRAWITEMSTRUCT) lParam;

pmyitem = (MYITEM *) lpdis->itemData;

// If the user has selected the item, use the selected

// text and background colors to display the item.

if (lpdis->itemState & ODS_SELECTED) {

crText = SetTextColor(lpdis->hDC, crSelText);

crBkgnd = SetBkColor(lpdis->hDC, crSelBkgnd);

fSelected = TRUE;

}

// Remember to leave space in the menu item for the

// check-mark bitmap. Retrieve the width of the bitmap

// and add it to the width of the menu item.

dwCheckXY = GetMenuCheckMarkDimensions();

wCheckX = LOWORD(dwCheckXY);

nTextX = wCheckX + lpdis->rcItem.left;

nTextY = lpdis->rcItem.top;

// Select the font associated with the item into the

// item's device context, and then draw the string.

hfontOld = SelectObject(lpdis->hDC, pmyitem->hfont);

ExtTextOut(lpdis->hDC, nTextX, nTextY, ETO_OPAQUE,

&lpdis->rcItem, pmyitem->psz,

lstrlen(pmyitem->psz), NULL);

// Select the previous font back into the device

// context.

SelectObject(lpdis->hDC, hfontOld);

// Return the text and background colors to their

// normal state (not selected).

if (fSelected) {

SetTextColor(lpdis->hDC, crText);

SetBkColor(lpdis->hDC, crBkgnd);

}

return TRUE;

. // Process other messages.

case WM_DESTROY:

// Destroy the menu items' font handles.

for (i = 0; i < CITEMS; i++)

DeleteObject(myitem[i].hfont);

PostQuitMessage(0);

break;

default:

return DefWindowProc(hwnd, uMsg, wParam, lParam);

}

return NULL;

}

HFONT GetAFont(fnFont)

int fnFont; // font-attribute flag

{

static LOGFONT lf; // structure for font information

// Get a handle to the ANSI fixed-pitch font, and copy

// information about the font to a LOGFONT structure.

GetObject(GetStockObject(ANSI_FIXED_FONT), sizeof(LOGFONT),

&lf);

// Set the font attributes, as appropriate.

if (fnFont == BOLD)

lf.lfWeight = FW_BOLD;

else

lf.lfWeight = FW_NORMAL;

lf.lfItalic = (fnFont == ITALIC);

lf.lfItalic = (fnFont == ULINE);

// Create the font, and then return its handle.

return CreateFont(lf.lfHeight, lf.lfWidth,

lf.lfEscapement, lf.lfOrientation, lf.lfWeight,

lf.lfItalic, lf.lfUnderline, lf.lfStrikeOut, lf.lfCharSet,

lf.lfOutPrecision, lf.lfClipPrecision, lf.lfQuality,

lf.lfPitchAndFamily, lf.lfFaceName);

}

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