Text-Formatting Attributes
An application can use six functions to set the text-formatting attributes for
a device context:
SetBkColor,
SetBkMode,
SetTextAlign,
SetTextCharacterExtra,
SetTextColor, and
SetTextJustification. These functions affect the text alignment, the intercharacter spacing, the
text justification, and text and background colors. In addition, six other
functions can be used to retrieve the current text formatting attributes for any
device context:
GetBkColor,
GetBkMode,
GetTextAlign,
GetTextCharacterExtra,
GetTextColor, and
GetTextExtentPoint32.
Text Alignment
Applications can use the
SetTextAlign function to specify how Windows should position the characters in a string of
text when they call one of the drawing functions. This function can be used to
position headings, page numbers, callouts, and so on. Windows positions a
string of text by aligning a reference point on an imaginary rectangle that
surrounds the string, with the current cursor position or with a point passed as an
argument to one of the text drawing functions. The
SetTextAlign function lets the application specify the location of this reference point.
The list below identifies the possible reference point locations.
Location
| Description
|
left/bottom
| The reference point is located at the bottom left corner of the rectangle.
|
left/base line
| The reference point is located at the intersection of the character-cell base
line and the left edge of the rectangle.
|
left/top
| The reference point is located at the top left corner of the rectangle.
|
center/bottom
| The reference point is located at the center of the bottom of the rectangle.
|
center/base line
| The reference point is located at the intersection of the character-cell base
line and the center of the rectangle.
|
center/top
| The reference point is located at the center of the top of the rectangle.
|
right/bottom
| The reference point is located at the bottom right corner of the rectangle.
|
right/base line
| The reference point is located at the intersection of the character-cell base
line and the right edge of the rectangle.
|
right/top
| The reference point is located at the top right corner of the rectangle.
|
The following illustration shows a string of text drawn by calling the
TextOut function. Before drawing the text, the
SetTextAlign function was called to relocate the reference point at each one of the nine
possible locations.
The default text alignment for a device context is the upper left corner of
the imaginary rectangle that surrounds the text. An application can retrieve the
current text-alignment setting for any device context by calling the
GetTextAlign function.
Intercharacter Spacing
Applications can use the
SetTextCharacterExtra function to alter the intercharacter spacing for all text output operations
in a given device context. The following illustration shows a string of text
drawn twice by calling the
TextOut function. Before drawing the text the second time, the
SetTextCharacterExtra function was called to increment the intercharacter spacing.
The default intercharacter spacing value for any device context is zero. An
application can retrieve the current intercharacter spacing value for a device
context by calling the
GetTextCharacterExtra function.
Text Justification
Applications can use the
GetTextExtentPoint32 and
SetTextJustification functions to justify a line of text. Text justification is a common operation
in any desktop publishing and in most word processing applications. The
GetTextExtentPoint32 function computes the width and height of a string of text. After the width
is computed, the application can call the
SetTextJustification function to distribute extra spacing between each of the words in a line of
text. The following illustration shows a paragraph of text printed twice: in the
first paragraph, the text was not justified; in the second paragraph, the text
was justified by calling the
GetTextExtentPoint32 and
SetTextJustification functions.
Text and Background Color
Applications can use the
SetTextColor function to set the color of text drawn in the client-area of their windows,
as well as the color of text drawn on a color printer. An application can use
the
SetBkColor function to set the color that appears behind each character and the
SetBkMode function to specify how Windows should blend the selected background color
with the current color or colors on the video display.
The default text color for a display device context is black; the default
background color is white; and the default background mode is OPAQUE. An
application can retrieve the current text color for a device context by calling the
GetTextColor function. An application can retrieve the current background color for a
device context by calling the
GetBkColor function and the current background mode by calling the
GetBkMode function.
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