WSAJoinLeaf - Sockets 2 Reference

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WSAJoinLeaf

The Windows Sockets connect function joins a leaf node into a multipoint session, exchanges connect data, and specifies needed quality of service based on the supplied flow specifications.

SOCKET WSAJoinLeaf (

SOCKET s,
const struct sockaddr FAR * name,
int namelen,
LPWSABUF lpCallerData,
LPWSABUF lpCalleeData,
LPQOS lpSQOS,
LPQOS lpGQOS,
DWORD dwFlags
);

Parameters
s

[in] A descriptor identifying a multipoint socket.

name

[in] The name of the peer to which the socket is to be joined.

namelen

[in] The length of the name.

lpCallerData

[in] A pointer to the user data that is to be transferred to the peer during multipoint session establishment.

lpCalleeData

[out] A pointer to the user data that is to be transferred back from the peer during multipoint session establishment.

lpSQOS

[in] A pointer to the flow specifications for socket s, one for each direction.

lpGQOS

[in] A pointer to the flow specifications for the socket group (if applicable).

dwFlags

[in] Flags to indicate that the socket is acting as a sender, receiver, or both.

Remarks
This function is used to join a leaf node to a multipoint session, and to perform a number of other ancillary operations that occur at session join time as well. If the socket, s, is unbound, unique values are assigned to the local association by the system, and the socket is marked as bound.

WSAJoinLeaf has the same parameters and semantics as WSAConnect except that it returns a socket descriptor (as in WSAAccept), and it has an additional dwFlags parameter. Only multipoint sockets created using WSASocket with appropriate multipoint flags set may be used for input parameter s in this function. If the socket is in the nonblocking mode, the returned socket descriptor will not be usable until after a corresponding FD_CONNECT indication has been received. A root application in a multipoint session may call WSAJoinLeaf one or more times in order to add a number of leaf nodes, however at most one multipoint connection request may be outstanding at a time. Refer to Multipoint and Multicast Semantics for additional information.

The socket descriptor returned by WSAJoinLeaf is different depending on whether the input socket descriptor, s, is a c_root or a c_leaf. When used with a c_root socket, the name parameter designates a particular leaf node to be added and the returned socket descriptor is a c_leaf socket corresponding to the newly added leaf node. The newly created socket has the same properties as s including asynchronous events registered with WSAAsyncSelect or with WSAEventSelect, but not including the c_root socket's group ID, if any. It is not intended to be used for exchange of multipoint data, but rather is used to receive network event indications (for example, FD_CLOSE) for the connection that exists to the particular c_leaf. Some multipoint implementations may also allow this socket to be used for "side chats" between the root and an individual leaf node. An FD_CLOSE indication will be received for this socket if the corresponding leaf node calls closesocket to drop out of the multipoint session. Symmetrically, invoking closesocket on the c_leaf socket returned from WSAJoinLeaf will cause the socket in the corresponding leaf node to get FD_CLOSE notification.

When WSAJoinLeaf is invoked with a c_leaf socket, the name parameter contains the address of the root application (for a rooted control scheme) or an existing multipoint session (nonrooted control scheme), and the returned socket descriptor is the same as the input socket descriptor. In other words, a new socket descriptor is not allocated. In a rooted control scheme, the root application would put its c_root socket in the listening mode by calling listen. The standard FD_ACCEPT notification will be delivered when the leaf node requests to join itself to the multipoint session. The root application uses the usual accept/WSAAccept functions to admit the new leaf node. The value returned from either accept or WSAAccept is also a c_leaf socket descriptor just like those returned from WSAJoinLeaf. To accommodate multipoint schemes that allow both root-initiated and leaf-initiated joins, it is acceptable for a c_root socket that is already in listening mode to be used as an input to WSAJoinLeaf.

The application is responsible for allocating any memory space pointed to directly or indirectly by any of the parameters it specifies.

The lpCallerData is a value parameter which contains any user data that is to be sent along with the multipoint session join request. If lpCallerData is NULL, no user data will be passed to the peer. The lpCalleeData is a result parameter which will contain any user data passed back from the peer as part of the multipoint session establishment. lpCalleeData->len initially contains the length of the buffer allocated by the application and pointed to by lpCalleeData->buf. lpCalleeData->len will be set to zero if no user data has been passed back. The lpCalleeData information will be valid when the multipoint join operation is complete. For blocking sockets, this will be when the WSAConnect function returns. For nonblocking sockets, this will be after the FD_CONNECT notification has occurred. If lpCalleeData is NULL, no user data will be passed back. The exact format of the user data is specific to the address family to which the socket belongs.

At multipoint session establishment time, an application may use the lpSQOS and/or lpGQOS parameters to override any previous QOS specification made for the socket through WSAIoctl with either the SIO_SET_QOS or SIO_SET_GROUP_QOS opcodes.

lpSQOS specifies the flow specifications for socket s, one for each direction, followed by any additional provider-specific parameters. If either the associated transport provider in general or the specific type of socket in particular cannot honor the QOS request, an error will be returned as indicated below. The sending or receiving flow specification values will be ignored, respectively, for any unidirectional sockets. If no provider-specific parameters are supplied, the buf and len fields of lpSQOS->ProviderSpecific should be set to NULL and zero, respectively. A NULL value for lpSQOS indicates no application supplied QOS.

lpGQOS specifies the flow specifications for the socket group (if applicable), one for each direction, followed by any additional provider-specific parameters. If no provider-specific parameters are supplied, the buf and len fields of lpSQOS->ProviderSpecific should be set to NULL and zero, respectively. A NULL value for lpGQOS indicates no application-supplied group QOS. This parameter will be ignored if s is not the creator of the socket group.

The dwFlags parameter is used to indicate whether the socket will be acting only as a sender (JL_SENDER_ONLY), only as a receiver (JL_RECEIVER_ONLY), or both (JL_BOTH).

Comments
When connected sockets break (that is, become closed for whatever reason), they should be discarded and recreated. It is safest to assume that when things go awry for any reason on a connected socket, the application must discard and recreate the needed sockets in order to return to a stable point.

Return Values
If no error occurs, WSAJoinLeaf returns a value of type SOCKET which is a descriptor for the newly created multipoint socket. Otherwise, a value of INVALID_SOCKET is returned, and a specific error code may be retrieved by calling WSAGetLastError.

On a blocking socket, the return value indicates success or failure of the join operation.

With a nonblocking socket, successful initiation of a join operation is indicated by a return of a valid socket descriptor. Subsequently, an FD_CONNECT indication will be given when the join operation completes, either successfully or otherwise. The application must use either WSAAsyncSelect or WSAEventSelect with interest registered for the FD_CONNECT event in order to determine when the join operation has completed. Note that the select function cannot be used to determine when the join operation completes.

Also, until the multipoint session join attempt completes all subsequent calls to WSAJoinLeaf on the same socket will fail with the error code WSAEALREADY.

If the return error code indicates the multipoint session join attempt failed (that is, WSAECONNREFUSED, WSAENETUNREACH, WSAETIMEDOUT) the application may call WSAJoinLeaf again for the same socket.

Error Codes

WSANOTINITIALISED	A successful WSAStartup must occur before using this function.
WSAENETDOWN	The network subsystem has failed.
WSAEADDRINUSE	The specified address is already in use.
WSAEINTR	The (blocking) call was canceled through WSACancelBlockingCall.
WSAEINPROGRESS	A blocking Windows Sockets 1.1 call is in progress, or the service provider is still processing a callback function.
WSAEALREADY	A nonblocking WSAJoinLeaf call is in progress on the specified socket.
WSAEADDRNOTAVAIL	The specified address is not available from the local machine.
WSAEAFNOSUPPORT	Addresses in the specified family cannot be used with this socket.
WSAECONNREFUSED	The attempt to join was forcefully rejected.
WSAEFAULT	The name or the namelen argument is not a valid part of the user address space, the namelen argument is too small, the buffer length for lpCalleeData, lpSQOS, and lpGQOS are too small, or the buffer length for lpCallerData is too large.
WSAEISCONN	The socket is already member of the multipoint session.
WSAENETUNREACH	The network cannot be reached from this host at this time.
WSAENOBUFS	No buffer space is available. The socket cannot be joined.
WSAENOTSOCK	The descriptor is not a socket.
WSAEOPNOTSUPP	The flow specifications specified in lpSQOS and lpGQOS cannot be satisfied.
WSAEPROTONOSUPPORT	The lpCallerData augment is not supported by the service provider.
WSAETIMEDOUT	Attempt to join timed out without establishing a multipoint session.
WSAEWOULDBLOCK	The socket is marked as nonblocking and the multipoint session join operation cannot be completed immediately. It is possible to select the socket while it is connecting by selecting it for writing.

See Also
accept, bind, select, WSAAccept, WSAAsyncSelect, WSAEventSelect, WSASocket

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