bind
The Windows Sockets
bind function associates a local address with a socket.
int bind (
SOCKET s,
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|
const struct sockaddr FAR* name,
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int namelen
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);
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Parameters
s
[in] A descriptor identifying an unbound socket.
name
[in] The address to assign to the socket. The sockaddr structure is defined as
follows:
struct sockaddr {
u_short sa_family;
char sa_data[14];
};
Except for the sa_family field, sockaddr contents are expressed in network
byte order.
namelen
[in] The length of the
name.
Remarks
This routine is used on an unconnected connectionless or connection-oriented
socket, before subsequent
connects or
listens. When a socket is created with
socket, it exists in a name space (address family), but it has no name assigned.
bind establishes the local association of the socket by assigning a local name to
an unnamed socket.
As an example, in the Internet address family, a name consists of three parts:
the address family, a host address, and a port number which identifies the
application. In Windows Sockets 2, the
name parameter is not strictly interpreted as a pointer to a "sockaddr" structure.
It is cast this way for Windows Sockets compatibility. Service Providers are
free to regard it as a pointer to a block of memory of size
namelen. The first two bytes in this block (corresponding to "sa_family" in the
"sockaddr" declaration)
must contain the address family that was used to create the socket. Otherwise, an
error WSAEFAULT will occur.
If an application does not care what local address is assigned to it, it can
specify the manifest constant value ADDR_ANY for the sa_data field of the name
parameter. This allows the underlying service provider to use any appropriate
network address, potentially simplifying application programming in the presence
of multihomed hosts (that is, hosts that have more than one network interface
and address). For TCP/IP, if the port is specified as zero, the service provider
will assign a unique port to the application with a value between 1024 and
5000. The application can use
getsockname after
bind to learn the address and the port that has been assigned to it, but note that
if the Internet address is equal to INADDR_ANY,
getsockname will not necessarily be able to supply the address until the socket is
connected, since several addresses can be valid if the host is multihomed.
Return Values
If no error occurs,
bind returns zero. Otherwise, it returns SOCKET_ERROR, and a specific error code
can be retrieved by calling
WSAGetLastError.
Error Codes
WSANOTINITIALISED
| A successful WSAStartup must occur before using this function.
|
WSAENETDOWN
| The network subsystem has failed.
|
WSAEADDRINUSE
| The specified address is already in use. (See the SO_REUSEADDR socket option
under setsockopt.)
|
WSAEFAULT
| The name or the namelen argument is not a valid part of the user address space, the namelen argument is too small, the name argument contains incorrect address format for the associated address family,
or the first two bytes of the memory block specified by name does not match the address family associated with the socket descriptor s.
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WSAEINPROGRESS
| A blocking Windows Sockets 1.1 call is in progress, or the service provider is
still processing a callback function.
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WSAEINVAL
| The socket is already bound to an address.
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WSAENOBUFS
| Not enough buffers available, too many connections.
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WSAENOTSOCK
| The descriptor is not a socket.
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See Also
connect,
getsockname,
listen,
setsockopt,
socket,
WSACancelBlockingCall
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