Bitmap Storage
Bitmaps should be saved in a file that uses the established Windows format and
assigned a name with the three-character .BMP extension. The established
Windows format consists of a
BITMAPFILEHEADER structure followed by a
BITMAPINFOHEADER structure. An array of
RGBQUAD structures (also called a color table) follows the
BITMAPINFOHEADER structure. The color table is followed by a second array of indexes into the
color table (the actual bitmap data).
The Windows format is shown in the following illustration.
The members of the
BITMAPFILEHEADER structure identify the file; specify the size of the file, in bytes; and
specify the offset from the first byte in the header to the first byte of bitmap
data. The members of the
BITMAPINFOHEADER structure specify the bitmap's width and height, in pixels; the color format
(count of color planes and color bits per pixel) of the display device on which
the bitmap was created; whether the bitmap data was compressed before storage
and the type of compression used; the number of bytes of bitmap data; the
resolution of the display device on which the bitmap was created; and the number of
colors represented in the data. The
RGBQUAD structures specify the RGB intensity values for each of the colors in the
device's palette. The color-index array maps indices values from the
RGBQUAD array to pixels in a rectangular region on the display.
The following hexadecimal output shows the contents of the file REDBRICK.BMP.
0000 42 4d 76 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 76 00 00 00 28 00
0010 00 00 20 00 00 00 20 00 00 00 01 00 04 00 00 00
0020 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
0030 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 80 00 00 80
0040 00 00 00 80 80 00 80 00 00 00 80 00 80 00 80 80
0050 00 00 80 80 80 00 c0 c0 c0 00 00 00 ff 00 00 ff
0060 00 00 00 ff ff 00 ff 00 00 00 ff 00 ff 00 ff ff
0070 00 00 ff ff ff 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
0080 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 09 00
0090 00 00 00 00 00 00 11 11 01 19 11 01 10 10 09 09
00a0 01 09 11 11 01 90 11 01 19 09 09 91 11 10 09 11
00b0 09 11 19 10 90 11 19 01 19 19 10 10 11 10 09 01
00c0 91 10 91 09 10 10 90 99 11 11 11 11 19 00 09 01
00d0 91 01 01 19 00 99 11 10 11 91 99 11 09 90 09 91
00e0 01 11 11 11 91 10 09 19 01 00 11 90 91 10 09 01
00f0 11 99 10 01 11 11 91 11 11 19 10 11 99 10 09 10
0100 01 11 11 11 19 10 11 09 09 10 19 10 10 10 09 01
0110 11 19 00 01 10 19 10 11 11 01 99 01 11 90 09 19
0120 11 91 11 91 01 11 19 10 99 00 01 19 09 10 09 19
0130 10 91 11 01 11 11 91 01 91 19 11 00 99 90 09 01
0140 01 99 19 01 91 10 19 91 91 09 11 99 11 10 09 91
0150 11 10 11 91 99 10 90 11 01 11 11 19 11 90 09 11
0160 00 19 10 11 01 11 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 09 99
0170 99 99 99 99 99 99 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
- 00 00 00 00 00 00 90 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
- 00 00 00 00 00 00 99 11 11 11 19 10 19 19 11 09
- a0 10 90 91 90 91 00 91 19 19 09 01 10 09 01 11 11
- b0 91 11 11 11 10 00 91 11 01 19 10 11 10 01 01 11
- c0 90 11 11 11 91 00 99 09 19 10 11 90 09 90 91 01
- d0 19 09 91 11 01 00 90 10 19 11 00 11 11 00 10 11
- e0 01 10 11 19 11 00 90 19 10 91 01 90 19 99 00 11
- f0 91 01 11 01 91 00 99 09 09 01 10 11 91 01 10 91
0200 99 11 10 90 91 00 91 11 00 10 11 01 10 19 19 09
0210 10 00 99 01 01 00 91 01 19 91 19 91 11 09 10 11
0220 00 91 00 10 90 00 99 01 11 10 09 10 10 19 09 01
0230 91 90 11 09 11 00 90 99 11 11 11 90 19 01 19 01
0240 91 01 01 19 09 00 91 10 11 91 99 09 09 90 11 91
0250 01 19 11 11 91 00 91 19 01 00 11 00 91 10 11 01
0260 11 11 10 01 11 00 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99
0270 99 99 99 99 99 90
The following table shows the data bytes associated with the structures in a
bitmap file.
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